Global Acceleration Guide: Using Tencent Cloud CDN to Improve Website and APP Access Speed
In today's increasingly competitive digital business,
"Fast" is no longer a bonus for optimizing the experience, but the life and death line of the product.
Industry research shows that for every 1 second increase in web page loading time, the jump rate will increase by about 30%. In mobile APP, the delay or Caton of an API request may directly cause users to close the application or even uninstall it directly. How to ensure low latency and high availability for cross-regional access for users with different operators and geographical locations across the country and even the world?
The answer is
CDN(Content Delivery Network, Content Delivery Network)
. This article will take you from the underlying principles, depth of dismantling how to use
Tencent Cloud CDN
, for your website and APP to open up a global "data highway".
1. why is your website/app always slow "?
Before configuring a CDN, we need to figure out where the access latency comes from.
When the user enters the web address in the browser or opens the APP, the data does not arrive instantly. It needs to traverse complex physical and network links:
The natural delay of physical distance: the transmission speed of light in optical fiber is about 200000 km/s. If your source server is in Shenzhen and the user is in Harbin or even London, the round trip time (RTT) of optical fiber transmission alone will bring physical delay of tens to hundreds of milliseconds.
Network cross-border and congestion: Network congestion across operators (such as between China Telecom and China Unicom) and cross-border submarine cables is extremely easy to cause packet loss (packet loss) and delay jitter.
Overload capacity of the source station: When sudden traffic (such as hot events and promotional activities) instantly flows into the source station server, the CPU and bandwidth are overwhelmed, resulting in all subsequent users having to wait in line.
The core logic of CDN is to "trade space for time and break up the whole into parts".
Tencent Cloud CDN has deployed a large number of edge nodes around the world, covering major mainstream operators in China and overseas. By "caching" and "distributing" the content of the source station to the edge node closest to the user, users in Shenyang can access the local node and users in Europe can access the Frankfurt node, thus greatly shortening the transmission distance and completely solving the pain points of cross-network and long-distance access.
2. Tencent Cloud CDN Core Acceleration Scenario Dismantling
Different business forms (static web pages, APP dynamic API, massive audio and video) have completely different requirements for CDN. Tencent Cloud CDN provides a refined acceleration scheme for different scenarios.
1. Static resource acceleration (website, front-end H5, pictures and style sheets)
This is the most classic CDN, the most immediate effect of the scene.
Business pain points: HTML, JS, CSS, pictures and font files packaged at the front end are large in size and request frequency is extremely high.
Acceleration strategy: intelligent edge caching: cache static resources on Tencent cloud edge nodes. When the user requests again, the edge node responds directly without returning to the source. Automatic compression and
HTTP/2/3: Open HTTP/2 or HTTP/3(QUIC) protocol and support multiplexing; At the same time, turn on Gzip or Brotli compression to reduce the volume of text resources by 60% ~ 80%.
2. Dynamic interface acceleration (APP API, user authentication, data interaction)
Many people mistakenly believe that CDNs can only accelerate static files. In fact, modern CDNs can fully accelerate dynamic requests (such
POST
interface, shopping cart updates, game real-time interaction).
Business pain point: dynamic data cannot be directly cached by nodes and must be returned to the source every time. traditional links are easily affected by weak networks and complex routes.
Acceleration strategy: intelligent routing optimization: through tengxun cloud global node grid, real-time calculation and selection of a current lowest delay, the most stable dedicated line link for data transmission. Connection pre-establishment and protocol optimization: Establish a long connection or QUIC link between the client and the edge node, reduce the overhead of TCP three-way handshake and TLS handshake, and greatly improve the request success rate in weak network environment.
3. Large file download and audio and video on demand/live broadcast
Service pain points: installation package (APK/IPA), software update package, short video or high-definition live broadcast traffic is extremely large, and instantaneous concurrency will directly reduce the bandwidth of the source station.
Acceleration strategy: sharding response and range back-to-source: supports block transmission and breakpoint continuous transmission of large files to avoid full restart caused by single download interruption. Storage linkage: Tengxun Cloud Object Storage (COS) is used as the CDN source station, combined with the preheating function (pushing large files to edge nodes in advance) to realize real zero-back source pressure distribution.
3. Combat Guide: From Zero Configuration to Performance Tuning
It is very simple to connect the domain name to Tengxun Cloud CDN, but in order to give full play to the best performance when actually landing, the following key configuration steps must be completed:
Step 1: Add domain name and CNAME binding
Go to the Tencent Cloud CDN console and add your acceleration domain name (for example, static.yourdomain.com).
Set the origin server type (you can select the origin server IP, domain name, or directly associate with the Tengxun COS bucket).
After the addition is successful, the console generates a CNAME domain name ending with .cdn.dnsv1.com.
Go to your DNS resolution service provider and modify the resolution record of the original domain name to the CNAME record to complete the traffic takeover.
Step 2: Fine configuration of cache strategy (key link)
A misconfigured cache policy leads to two extremes:
Either the cache hit rate is low (a large number of back-to-source pulls down the server), or the content is not updated in time (users see old pages).
Recommended generic cache rule logic:
Static long-term resources (JS/CSS with Hash, images, fonts): configure caching for 30 days or even 1 year.
Frequently changing pages (such as index.html
): Configure a shorter cache (such as 5 minutes), or set no-cache with negotiation cache (Etag).
Dynamic interfaces (such as/api/*): Be sure to set it to no cache (cache time is set to 0 seconds) to avoid cross-confusion of user data.
Example of recommended caching rules: priority rule 1: path/api/* $\rightarrow $not cached (0 seconds) priority rule 2: file.html, .htm $\rightarrow $cached for 5 minutes priority rule 3: files. js, .css, .jpg, .png $\rightarrow $cached for 30 days
Step 3: Site-wide HTTPS Security Acceleration
We recommend that you enable and configure the following HTTPS acceleration features:
HTTP automatic jump to HTTPS: mandatory secure transmission.
HTTP/2 & TLS 1.3: Significantly improves handshake efficiency and concurrency performance.
OCSP Stapling(OCSP envelope): The CDN node queries the certificate status on behalf of the CDN node, saving the time for the client to verify the certificate.
4. Advanced Protection and Cost Control
In the process of using CDN, security protection and bill optimization are two issues that cannot be bypassed.
Security Risk Warning: If your CDN domain name is attacked by malicious traffic, chain theft or CC, the bandwidth bill may be very alarming.
Tencent Cloud CDN provides perfect protection and quota tools, which must be configured before going online:
Anti-theft chain and authentication: Referer anti-theft chain: restrict only the domain name of your website or APP to call resources. Timestamp authentication: The expired signature calculated by the key is added to the URL to prevent malicious crawling and chain theft.
Frequency limit and usage cap: single IP access frequency limit: for example, limit a single IP request to no more than 30 times per second, exceeding the direct return 429 or 503. Usage alarm and bandwidth cap: set the upper limit of daily traffic or burst bandwidth (such as sudden increase to 500Mbps and automatic switching back to the source station or offline protection) to prevent sky-high bills.
Security Integration Upgrade (EdgeOne): If the business faces strong DDoS/CC attack risks, it can seamlessly switch to Tengxun Cloud EdgeOne (Edge Security Acceleration Platform) to directly intercept malicious attacks at edge nodes to achieve dual guarantee of speed and security.
5. Summary
Using tengxunyun CDN for global acceleration is not just as simple as "opening" a few times in the console, but a set of covers
Link optimization, content caching, protocol upgrade and security protection
system engineering.
From basic static resource hosting to deep dynamic API routing tuning, a reasonable CDN architecture can help your products:
Compress the average response time from seconds to milliseconds;
More than 80% of the unloading source station
Flow pressure;
Effectively resist sudden traffic and edge security threats.
In this era of "experience is retention", you might as well check your website and APP now to make CDN a powerful engine for your products.